Chapter 8 Computer Languages & Problem Solving Techniques (Class 6)

 

Chapter 8

Computer Languages & Problem Solving Techniques

 

C. Answer in short.

 

1. What are binary digits?

Ans – A computer can understand only special signals, which are represented by 1s and 0s. These two digits are called binary digits.

 

2. Which generation uses a visual or graphical interface?

Ans – Fifth Generation uses a visual or graphical interface.

 

3. What do you understand by an algorithm?

Ans – Algorithm is the step-by-step instructions written in simple language to perform a particular task.

 

4. What is a flowchart?

Ans – Flow chart is a step-by-step process of representing the solution of a particular problem in a graphical or pictorial form.

 

D. Answer in detail.

1. What do you understand by computer languages? Name the different categories of computer languages.

Ans – Computers do not understand any other language that we speak. They understand programs written in special languages. The language which helps the user to communicate with computer is called Computer Language.

There are two categories of computer languages:

i) Low Level Language: Low level languages are the machine codes in which the instructions are given in machine language in the form of 0 & 1 to a computer system. Low level language is also divided into parts:- Machine language and Assembly language.

a) Machine Language - It is the first generation language developed for communicating with a computer. It is written in machine code which represents 0 and 1 binary digits.

b) Assembly Language - It is the second generation programming language developed for communicating with a computer. These language use letters and symbols instead of binary digits. Example- As

ii) High Level Language: The high level languages are the most used programming languages that help a programmer to read, write and maintain the codes. It is also the third generation language that is used by many programmers. Example – C,C++, SQL, Visual Basic, etc.

2. What is the difference between high level and low level languages?

Ans – The difference between high level and low level languages are:

 

3. What are the rules for writing an algorithm?

Ans – The rules for writing the algorithm are-

1.         Always begin with the step START and finish with STOP.

2.         Number the statements such as Step 1, Step 2, etc.

3.         Write each step in a separate line.

4.         Function of each statement should be very clear.

 

 

4. What is use of flowchart symbols- Processing box and Decision box?

Ans – Processing box: A rectangle represents the processing of instructions.

 

 

          Decision box: A diamond symbol is used to choose between the two options, yes or no.

 

 

5. Write algorithm for the following problems.

 

a. to read name and phone number and print both.

Ans – To read name and phone number and print both:

Step 1: Start

Step 2: Read name, phone no

Step 3: Print name, phone. No

Step 4: Stop

 

 

b. to read marks and print grade ‘A’ if marks >80 otherwise ‘B’.

Ans – . To read marks and print grade ‘A’ if marks > 80 otherwise ‘B’:

Step 1: Start

Step 2: Read marks

Step 3: If mark > 80

THEN

    grade  ‘A’

ELSE

      grade ‘B’

Step 4: Stop